Sir Isaac Newton was born on January 4, 1643, in Wools -Thorpe, England. He was an established physicist, mathematician and inventor and is known as one of the greatest minds of the 17th century Scientific Revolution. With discoveries in optics, laws of motion and mathematics, Newton developed the principles of modern physics. In 1687, he published his most acclaimed work, Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica (Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy), which is one of the single most influential books on physics that has ultimately changed the world.

Newton was fascinated with more advanced science. All his spare time was spent reading books written by modern philosophers. While Newton was in Cambridge, he kept a set of notes, entitled "Quaestiones Quaedam Philosophicae" ("Certain Philosophical Questions"). The questions reveal that Newton had discovered the new concept of nature that provided the structure for the Scientific Revolution.

Unfortunately, in 1665, the Great Plague that was ravaging Europe had come to Cambridge, forcing the university to close. Newton returned home to pursue his private study, and it was was during this 18-month gap that he conceived the method of infinitesimal calculus, set foundations for his theory of light and colour and gained significant insight into the laws of planetary motion. At this time, Newton experienced his famous inspiration of gravity with the falling apple. This great man died in London on March 31, 1727 from a violent cough, inflammation of the lugs and a kidney stone.